Krisdapor Mikayelian (pseudonym “Ellen”)

 

 

Born on October 18, 1859, in the village of Akoulis in Koghtan Province. Graduated from the Djemaran of Tiflis. Moves to Europe and has contact with European socialist leaders Victor Berar and others, as well as with Russian socialist revolutionaries. In 1904, during the A.R.F. World Congress in Sofia, he proposes that Sultan Hamid be assassinated. The great revolutionary dies in March 1905 during training when an explosive he is testing detonates prematurely.

 

 

 

Sdepan Zorian (pseudonym “Rosdom”) 

Born in 1867 in the Tsghna village in Koghtan Province.  He received his initial education in Tiflis, and continued it in Moscow in the study of agriculture. He is expelled from school for participating in a demonstration. For a period,  he is editor of Troshag in Geneva, but he remains a passionate lifelong essayist and editorialist. Rosdom is one of the most active and renowned members of the A.R.F., devoting his entire life to the party, passing away in 1919. He is buried in the cemetery of Khochi Monastery.

 

 

 

 

 

Simon Zavarian (pseudonym “Andon”)

 

Born in 1866 in the Ikahad village in Lori Province. He is educated in the Djemaran of Moscow. Despite being from a noble family, he eschews titles and honors, and cleans the A.R.F. of impostors. Zavarian visits Cilicia and Lebanon to organize those communities and in Beirut, he founds a youth organization which is later named after him. He accepts a teaching position at the Hairigian School in Bolis, where in 1913, on the occasion of the 1500th anniversary of the Armenian alphabet, he pens a famous essay entitled “Words without Action only Perish” in a special issue of Azadamard.  The next day, on October 2, Zavarian collapses in Taksim Square in front of the Azadamard offices and is taken to a hospital. He dies on October 27, 1913, of a heart attack. The entire Armenian community is present at his funeral. A special delegation including Siamanto accompanies the coffin to Tiflis, where Zavarian is buried with great ceremony, in the cemetery of the Khoci Monastery where already rest Raffi and Krikor Ardzrouni, later to be joined by Nigol Touman, Keri and Rosdom.

 

 

 

 

 

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The Founding and Work of

The Armenian Revolutionary Federation

 

After countless meetings and discussion, Krisdapor Mikayelian, Rosdom (Sdepan Zorian) and Simon Zavarian found the Armenian Revolutionary Federation in 1890, in Tiflis, the capital of Georgia. The ARF is composed of and joined by a number of Armenian national liberation parties and groups with the aim of leading the liberation struggle of Western Armenia.

During 1890-92, the Hunchakian party leaves the ARF coalition as do a number of other more extremist groups, although the three leaders remain steadfast in their purpose.

In 1892, the first World Congress of the ARF is held in Tiflis. It is during this meeting that the party is formally named the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and adopts a constitution and bylaws. The meeting also adopts the principle of a decentralized organization and names Troshag the official party organ.

In its essence, world view and traditions, the ARF is a socialist, democratic, revolutionary party.

From the very beginning, the ARF is a party of daring, organization and discipline. In this early period, the greatest accomplishments of the ARF include organizing the Fedayi movement,  leadership of the administration of the free Republic of Armenia, and bringing to justice across European capitals those responsible for the Armenian Genocide.

The ARF has always struggled and continues to struggle to this day for the political, economic and cultural rights of the Armenian nation. The basis of the ARF’s national liberation struggle is its ideology, which champions individual freedoms, and national self-determination, independence and popular democracy as the paths to creating a thriving and free Armenian nation.

On October 8, 1990, after a 70-year absence, the A.R.F. Bureau declares the return of the A.R.F. to the homeland.

Thereafter, the A.R.F. engages in its entirety in the liberation struggle of Artsakh, becoming the inspirational and organizing voice of the movement around which gather volunteers from Armenia, Artsakh and the Diaspora, many of whom gift the ultimate sacrifice to the nation through their martyrdom on the fields of battle.

For 114 years uninterrupted, the A.R.F. has never wavered from its purpose for a just, uncompromising and complete resolution of the Armenian Cause, and for a free, independent and united Armenia.